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Subjects | Fact sheet | Samples
Arts, media, and entertainment: Sample chronology
Jazz
1909 W C Handy writes the song 'Memphis Blues', originally intended to be an electioneering song called 'Mr Crump' for Memphis mayoral candidate E H 'Boss' Crump.
1911 US composer Irving Berlin writes the song 'Alexander's Ragtime Band', which will make ragtime widely popular, and the song 'Everybody's Doin' It'.
1916 The term 'jazz' emerges, for syncopated, improvisational, highly rhythmic music originating in black communities in the southern USA.
1917 Storyville, the area of New Orleans, Louisiana, where prostitution was licensed and jazz flourished, is closed down. Some jazz musicians move to Chicago, Illinois, and other cities.
1917 The Original Dixieland Jazz Band, an all-white quintet from New Orleans, Louisiana, takes jazz to New York, New York, for the first time and makes the first jazz record with the Victor Talking Machine Company. It includes the song 'Original Dixieland One-Step'.
1918 The Jazz Boys is the first US jazz band to visit Britain.
1919 Paul Whiteman forms his jazz orchestra, in San Francisco, California.
7 April 1919 The Original Dixieland Jazz Band makes its debut in London, England, and its song 'Tiger Rag' becomes very popular.
1922 The white jazz group New Orleans Rhythm Kings is formed in Chicago, Illinois.
1922 US cornetist, bandleader, and composer Joe 'King' Oliver leads his Creole Jazz Band at Lincoln Gardens, Chicago, Illinois.
1923 The Cotton Club opens in Harlem, New York, New York, providing black American music and entertainment for a white audience.
1925 The US industrialist Henry Ford starts a drive against jazz by organizing a series of folk dances.
1925 The US jazz trumpeter, singer, and composer Louis 'Satchmo' Armstrong begins recording with his group, The Hot Five, in Chicago, Illinois.
1926 The magazine Melody Maker is founded in Britain: it plays an important role in promoting the spread of jazz in the country.
1932 The US jazz musician Louis Armstrong appears in Britain for the first time, including a concert at the London Palladium.
1935 The band of jazz musician Count Basie becomes famous through performances at the Famous Door Club, New York, New York.
1935 The British Ministry of Labour effectively bans US jazz musicians by stipulating that they can only play in Britain if there are reciprocal arrangements with the American Federation of Musicians. As a result, few foreign jazz musicians will play in Britain over the next 20 years.
1935 The jazz musician Artie Shaw creates his first band, in the USA.
October 1935 German radio bans jazz of black or Jewish origin.
1936 The US jazz clarinettist Woody Herman takes over Isham Jones's band, which is renamed 'The Band That Plays the Blues'.
January 1938 The Benny Goodman Band gives a highly acclaimed jazz concert at Carnegie Hall, in New York, New York.
1940 In the USA, the US jazz musician Stan Kenton sets up the Stan Kenton Band.
1942 In the USA, the US jazz musician Lionel Hampton founds the Hampton Big Band.
1943 The US jazz pianist Art Tatum founds his famous trio with Slam Stewart and Tiny Grimes. The trio will play together until 1956.
1944 The US jazz promoter Norman Granz stages a jazz concert at the Philharmonic Hall in Los Angeles, California, the first in the series 'Jazz at the Philharmonic'. The series continues in various cities until 1967.
17 January 1944 The New York Metropolitan Opera House holds its first jazz concert.
1945 The energetic 'Bebop' jazz style, pioneered by Charlie 'Bird' Parker and others, sweeps the USA.
1948 The jazz musician Humphrey Lyttelton forms a band, in Britain.
1948 The US jazz singer Duke Ellington is given permission to play in Britain. He is the first US jazz musician to appear in Britain since World War II.
1949 The US jazz musician Sidney Bechet records 'Les Oignons'/'Onions'.
1951 The Dave Brubeck jazz quartet is founded in the USA.
18 July 1954 The first jazz festival at Newport, Rhode Island, takes place.
1957 The US jazz pianist and composer Thelonius Monk forms his own band, after regaining the New York performer's licence that he lost in 1951 as a result of a drug possession conviction.
1959 The British jazz musician Ronnie Scott opens a jazz club at Gerrard Street, London, England.
1961 'Trad jazz', music based on traditional New Orleans-style jazz, becomes popular in Britain through the music of Acker Bilk, Kenny Ball, and Chris Barber.
1964 The US jazz saxophonist John Coltrane releases the single 'A Love Supreme'.
1982 The Argentine composer Mauricio Kagel completes the jazz composition Rrrrrrr...
1997 The US composer and trumpeter Wynton Marsalis wins the Pulitzer Prize for Music for his oratorio about slavery, Blood in the Fields. This is the first Pulitzer awarded to a jazz musician.
12 April 1999 The Pulitzer Prize Special Award goes posthumously to US jazz musician Duke Ellington, on the 100th anniversary of his birth.
September 1999 Jazz performer Cassandra Wilson performs at the Royal Festival Hall, London, England.
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